 Can you discuss some of the psychosocial issues that are associated with a triple-negative breast cancer diagnosis?

 Well, let me start by saying that almost everyone who is given a cancer diagnosis has some sort of psychosocial issue or concern. I mean, just the diagnosis itself evokes anxiety, fear, especially just the unknown as far as treatment, diagnosis and overall survival. And of course, the fear and anxiety related to how their cancer diagnosis affects their family. So triple-negative breast cancer patients don't necessarily have anything different or unique than other cancer patients. Only that, you know, things are more specific, I would say for breast cancer patients in general. The top reasons for high levels of anxiety, of course, are the going through the stages of diagnosis and treatment. And you know, long term survival is, of course, “What kind of treatment am I going to face?” (And there is) the anxiety over the possibility of chemotherapy, radiation treatment and surgery, the anxiety of the cancer coming back when the treatment has actually been completed, or the anxiety related to how the treatment will affect them physically, or socially, you know. Of course, the breast is part of a feeling of a woman's sexuality. So it's especially dependent on how she relates with her partner, how will the surgery affect any sexual relations, or how chemotherapy possibly affects future reproductive implications for women who are in childbearing years. So there's an array of different levels of psychosocial issues that women with cancer and triple-negative breast cancer have.

 We talk a lot about that fear of recurrence, how does this affect a patient through their treatment and then afterwards?

 So fear of recurrence, in particular for triple-negative breast cancer patients, is a little bit more of an issue, in the sense that triple-negative breast cancer patients have a much higher risk of recurrence compared to women who don't have triple-negative breast cancer. So that's more of a reality for them, as far as worrying about it, concerns about it and future treatment options, if possible. So when we're thinking about, you know, fear of recurrence, I think the best way that most of my colleagues tackle that issue is, of course, from the very beginning, having full disclosure and a fully honest discussion with the patient concerning their stage of diagnosis, their prognosis, and what their chances are of recurrence, and reassuring them through their whole process, that their care team will be following them, watching them very closely, to make sure that if a recurrence is to happen, it's quite an early enough stage, because we all know, the earlier we detect cancer, whether it's a primary cancer, recurrent cancer, the better chances of a long term survival and better quality of life options are available.

 Scanxiety is really the anxiety that a woman has coming (when) approaching the day of their next scheduled imaging, whether it's a repeat mammogram, CAT scan, MRI or PET scan (to see) whether or not the cancer has come back or whether the cancer has progressed or regressed. And I will say that scanxiety is quite common with women with breast cancer and without breast cancer, because we know that breast cancer is a big fear for women who've never had it, or maybe have a strong family history, as well as for women who have had gone through it. But for the most part, it's something that we all appreciate as providers. We all try and quell the fears of our patients, as we approach that date or are coming to that date.

In some facilities, we actually make it more of a group or team effort, something of a supportive team, where we either encourage the patient to come with someone, come with a friend, or say that we will chaperone them through that scan, that imaging, hold their hand through it, so to speak, just to quell their anxiety and fears, because, of course, it is something that's very scary and frightening to think “What am I going to have to go through in this process again, will this show a worsening of my condition?”

And of course, after the imaging is done, the anxiety of when the results come back, that's always dependent on how soon the radiologist or the physician can read that exam. So, it's really constant reassurance, and allowing them to, of course, vent their anxiety and ask those questions and feel free to have fear. We never want any patient to feel that they should hide their emotion or their feelings or their anxiety at all. Because, you know, for every woman that has anxiety, and like I said, it is quite normal for women in these situations to have anxiety, there are some people whose anxiety levels may not be so easily quelled, so easily calmed. And those women you always want to have special attention brought to because we do know that going through this treatment and some of the treatment that is given to them can actually exacerbate or cause some psychological issues with patients. So you have to be very wary of a woman's concerns and take them very seriously.

 To help combat some of these psychosocial issues, are there outlets that patients can seek that can help them?

 Oh, absolutely. One thing I always advise or recommend for women who are going through cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, any cancer, for that matter, is to try their best to have a support team from the very beginning. Of course, the multidisciplinary approach, in my opinion, is always best when you're having different fields of physicians or different specialists actually converging with the patient to have a treatment plan that we're all on the same page on. But also that includes a good support network and a support group. One thing we always try and elicit to patients from the beginning is to see what kind of support they have at home. Once we establish whether or not they have a good support network, we'd like to connect them to support groups, or any community groups or cancer survivorship groups that are available within the community for them to reach out to.

And of course, we discuss any kind of hobbies they have on their own before their diagnosis and encourage them to delve into those things. Whether it's journaling, or painting, playing an instrument, something that takes their mind away from the act of treatment that they're on is always a fantastic outlet. And, of course, journaling is something that is definitely encouraged even from the social psychosocial aspect of a document and your feelings and addressing them as they come along and bringing them to the attention of your physician or care team, if there's anything of concern that worries you.

So yes, there are multiple outlets and if there's nothing immediately available through your care team, there are different outlets online, including the American Cancer Society, of course, the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Foundation, a lot of online outlets that can connect women, in fact, you know, internationally all over the world to some sort of support network, whether it's within their community or even online so that women know that they're not alone.

 Are there outside resources that we can offer to our patients in case they are experiencing any of this stress or anxiety?

 There are a number of advocacy groups out there, like I mentioned the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Foundation, the American Cancer Society, of course, the Susan G. Komen Foundation. There's so many breast cancer organizations: living Beyond Breast Cancer, the Young Survivors. There are many different outlets that are available to women online. You know, it's even as simple as just googling breast cancer social support, and you'll see a whole list of different outlets. I do recommend for women who do have a diagnosis of breast cancer starting off with the American Cancer Society, only because it will allow them to utilize not only getting basic education on their cancer, but also they give different avenues for psychosocial support, financial support, education and different ways they can reach out live in their community as well.

Psychosocial Effects From a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis

 Why is it important for patients to consider joining a clinical trial?

 Well, you know, in particular, for triple-negative breast cancer, we do know that it is the one form of breast cancer that currently standard of care treatment is not necessarily a targeted therapy. Well, maybe what I mean (by) targeted therapy is something that is specific for the triple-negative breast cancer. So that's kind of also what contributes to the higher mortality rates because we do not have targeted therapies. And that's where clinical trials come in, there are a number of clinical trials across the country and around the world that are occurring right now for triple-negative breast cancer from the earliest stages through to metastatic or recurrent triple-negative breast cancers. So I think it's very important for women who are diagnosed with a smaller cancer to investigate because the standard treatment option that we have right now, it's good, it's all we have. But there are things that are on the cutting edge that might be of more benefit to these women and contributing to the clinical trials, which of course, could benefit that patient as well as other patients in the community.

 If a patient is interested in joining a clinical trial, how can they learn more or even find out if they're eligible for one?

 Well, first, we can always start with their provider. Once they're diagnosed, I'm sure they will be referred to a medical oncologist and that medical oncologist would be the one who would actually know whether that patient is eligible for one if there's one within their community or one within a local institution itself or a local cancer center within their region. For the patients who may not have a medical oncologist who might have that connection into clinical trials, you can always go online. The National Institutes of Health has the clinical trials.gov online, which has a whole host of hundreds of clinical trials that are available to people and you can skim through that website. Honestly, the website is a bit daunting even for myself as a professional. So there are some more user-friendly, patient-friendly websites that are available for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. One of them is citizen.com, where the patient is allowed to just plug in their demographics, their information, what their type of cancer is, and then the program will just sort of show them which clinical trials they're eligible for around the country. The same for another website, called centerwatch.com. They do the same thing. It's more user-friendly, it's easier for the community to go in. And so there are a host of different resources that patients can go online, and they can have clinical trials that there actually are eligible for made available to them and see if they actually can become a part of it.

 Why is it important that patients talk to their doctor about potentially joining a trial?

 So clinical trials basically are trying to investigate some sort of new treatment for cancer, for a particular kind of cancer, particular kind of ailment that could benefit that patient's disease process in a better way than the standard treatment they already have. So it's always best to first go to your provider to actually know whether or not considering whatever clinical stage you are, wherever you are in your process and treatment, that it's appropriate for you to pursue a clinical trial, because of course, as a patient, your provider knows your health history the best. They know what's going on with you. They know what would be most appropriate and most beneficial for you. And they would be the first people you asked that question about clinical trials. They may not have all the information.

So the second tier, of course, is to do your own research. Because, you know, we can't deny that there are some parts of this country where access to aspects of more elaborate cancer care or more in depth cancer care may not be easily there for them. So sometimes, unfortunately, the onus is on the patient themselves to do that investigation. But always bring it to your physician first and ask those questions. Especially before pursuing any other kind of treatment than you're already provided with at that time.

 Can we also negate some of the misconceptions that we have about clinical trials?

 Only going to receive a placebo, the whole idea of the sugar pill, meaning really nothing, you know, for a person who has cancer, or any sort of life-threatening ailments. There are rules and laws surrounding medical ethics and the basic laws provided around a clinical trials that say we cannot put someone in a trial and not offer them treatment for whatever it is that they're going through. It's ethically unsound to do that. So the patient has to be reassured that whatever they're on the trial for, it will not take away from their primary treatment. So you'll either be in the arm where you're getting this or you're getting a new one, because it's always connecting, or comparing standard treatment to this new treatment that they're investigating. And that's one myth.

The other myth, of courses, (is that researchers) just want to experiment. This isn't of any benefit. It's just an experiment. Before trials get to the point of being used on human beings, they go through different phases and different approvals. It goes through different tiers before it actually gets to (the point where) we need patients to come in and actually participate in trials to see if it's effective. Again, there are rules or regulations that are governing clinical trials, so patients should not be (afraid) that (it) is just an experiment. I would get no benefit from this. Ultimately, there is a chance that this clinical trial medication won't be as effective than the traditional treatment that's offered. And that's something that you discuss with your provider or whoever is running that clinical trial prior to starting, whether you want to take that chance of taking on this treatment that hasn't been fully analyzed, compared to what we know has some benefits. But we have to reassure patients that a clinical trial does not mean you will go without any treatment for your cancer.

 Are there any clinical trials that are in progress that we can tell our patient audience more about?

 Like I said, there are literally hundreds. Good question. Very loaded question. So for me to single out just one it just doesn't do it any justice compared to the others that are out there. But for the most part, I think in general, a lot of these trials are trying treatments that are more targeted therapies specific for the cancer that these patients are suffering through. Triple-negative breast cancer, we found is not just one form of cancer in and of itself. There are multiple different aspects, or mutations, within the cancer that designate a triple-negative breast cancer and all these different molecular mutations are potential targets for treatments. And they're all being entertained or investigated as possible treatment options for patients. So, you know, just to let the public know, hundreds are being tried right now. And I firmly believe within the next few years, we're going to have a significant breakthrough in regards to treatment, medical treatment for triple-negative disease.

 To bring it all together, what would you say is your biggest piece of advice for a patient who might be considering joining a trial?

 I definitely encourage it. I believe that we should all try and do our part in contributing to science and in contributing to finding basically a cure for this disease process. And part of our contribution is joining clinical trials. If you're interested in pursuing one, my first and most important thing for any patient to do is to write out a list of questions. Constantly ask questions, Never go into a clinical trial blindly and say, “Okay, I'll do whatever you say.” Always be prepared or try and prepare yourself on what to expect. Ask the person who's organizing the trial, what are the expectations? What could possibly be the adverse reactions? And how long will I be on this trial? Is this trial something my insurance covers? Or is it something that they're covering as far as the institution who's running the trial? Those sort of important questions. Because you don't want to get caught within the trial, and all these things happen and you're like, “Oh, wait a second. I didn't know this is something I have to think about.” So I think patients should just be fully informed before starting any clinical trial. And of course, you know, don't be afraid because it's your right as the patient to have all the information upfront before joining in but I wholeheartedly encourage women who are eligible to enroll in a clinical trial if possible, especially when it comes to triple-negative breast cancer.

Evaluating Clinical Trials in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

 Can you explain how diet and nutrition plays a role in a triple-negative breast cancer diagnosis and maybe even through treatment?

 So diet and nutrition is something that's very important for women who are diagnosed with breast cancer, in particular triple-negative breast cancer, as far as contributing to their diagnosis. I think, in general, we have attributed certain diets that could contribute to increasing a woman's risk of developing breast cancer – diets that are high in salt, diets that are high in sugar, diets that are high in animal fats, and also diets including high alcohol intake and also tobacco use. So that would mean women who have obesity issues, uncontrolled diabetes, uncontrolled high blood pressure, which can all be, in essence, related to diet and lifestyle (would) have an increased risk of not only developing cancer, but having a poor prognosis once they are diagnosed with cancer.

 Similarly, how does diet and nutrition play a role when it comes to survivorship?

 So similarly, exactly. We try to tell women we have to control your blood pressure, control your blood sugars, that's a given. We always encourage women to increase their vegetable/fruit intake, as well as lean protein intake, to have a more active lifestyle. This is not, of course, the cure all end all, but these are things we know contribute to longevity, as far as improved quality of life and a longer life. If you have a well-balanced diet, if you're physically fit, trying to eliminate tobacco and alcohol or any extraneous sort of toxins in the body.

 Are there specific types of food that patient should avoid?

 I may get a lot of flack for this, but I am someone who's wholeheartedly for a vegetable-based diet. I wouldn't say totally cut out all meat, because it's difficult. But we do know that red meat, especially higher intakes of red meat, does have contributions towards the development of cancers, as well as quality of life and mortality implications for those who are already diagnosed. We do know that added sugars or things with high sugar contents also contribute to higher mortality rates. So I would say stay away from anything with added sugar, stay away from high fatty foods. Try, if you're a meat eater, more lean meats. Staying away from red meats, increasing more fish, vegetables, fruits – more of a balanced diet with a high vitamin and mineral content, I think, would be ideal for someone if they want to improve their lifestyle and their mortality.

 Are there any misperceptions or wives’ tales that we can address when it comes to diet and nutrition and a cancer diagnosis?

 Some people feel that just having, for example, an alkaline diet will eliminate cancer or eliminate the need for treatment once you're diagnosed and will sort of be a cure-all for your cancer. Once it's diagnosed, there's no one diet or one element that will completely cure cancer, at least none that I know of at this point. But we do know that all these things can contribute to a better outcome. So I just want to encourage patients, don't abandon traditional medications or traditional treatment options to take on a wholehearted sort of holistic or organic diet and lifestyle. (Patients) should go hand-in-hand for treatment of cancer. So I think that's the biggest myth that I like to bust: If you just have a whole heart and natural lifestyle, you can abandon traditional medicine or treatment options for cancer.

 Would you recommend that a patient consider seeing a nutritionist to help them through treatment and into survivorship?

 Once a woman is diagnosed with cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer, because all of these patients will need chemotherapy, that is the standard-of-care recommendation for the treatment, irrespective of what stage you're diagnosed at. Once you start with these chemotherapeutic medications, it alters the way you feel from the side effects of the medication. So it's very important that you maintain a healthy diet through this medication to maintain your strength, as well as just for a better quality of life. So we always recommend once a person is diagnosed, immediately see a dietitian. And of course, there are some patients who already come in with pre-existing medical conditions. So a dietitian, of course, would be key to help them going through the process of treatment and even after treatment and what kind of diet they should maintain to have a healthier outlook.

Treatment Options for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

 How does stage affect the type of treatment a patient will receive for triple-negative breast cancer?

 For triple-negative breast cancer, irrespective of the stage at diagnosis, one thing is for sure is that the woman is going to receive chemotherapy or that chemotherapy will be recommended for that patient. But then, outside of chemotherapy, the stage (of the disease) would determine what kind of surgery they would have, plus or minus radiation. So, of course, the lower or the earlier the stage – stage 1 and maybe stage 2 – the patient could have breast-conserving therapy where they just take out the tumor, and then (the patient) would need radiation, versus some women who may be recommended to have their entire breasts removed, which is a mastectomy, plus or minus reconstruction. And then radiation might be an option as well. So for sure, they would need chemotherapy. They're different options for surgery, depending on what stage they're diagnosed. And then radiation is added, depending again, on what kind of surgery they have and whether or not they have more advanced disease.

 You just went over some options for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. What are the current standards of care for advanced disease?

 So for this disease, the standard of care is typically to start a woman off with chemotherapy upfront with advanced disease, which I would include from stage 2 onwards. Usually, chemotherapy is recommended upfront. Chemotherapy allows the clinician to have an idea of how well the tumor responds to the chemotherapeutic treatment, give a better idea of their overall prognosis, given what is made available to them at the time for treatment, and also will help determine what further treatment, meaning surgery or radiation, would be needed after the initial chemotherapy.

 Are there different standards of care for recurrent disease?

 So, there's no difference in the standard of care, I believe if there's just a difference in the kind of way the cancer presents itself in the patient. So once a woman has had breast cancer, initially a triple-negative disease and has been treated, once it comes back or presents itself in a metastatic setting, then there's a host of different options. A medical oncologist knows how to treat that patient, and that all depends on how the patient responded initially from her initial medical treatment, and what kind of tumor also that she has, which would correspond to which medications that the oncologist will think is appropriate this second go round, to effectively treat the patient.

 With so many different treatment options, why is the multidisciplinary approach in triple-negative breast cancer treatment so important?

 Well, the multidisciplinary approach typically includes the medical oncologist, the radiation oncologist, an internist, the dietician, social worker, possibly a plastic reconstructive surgeon, a patient navigator/care coordinator. So the importance of all of these people in the woman's treatment plan is that everyone is on the same page of what the patient needs at the time and how to coordinate (their care) in a timely fashion so that there's no gaps in treatment. Multidisciplinary approaches are also beneficial because you have different perspectives on the best way to treat this patient's cancer. You know, not everyone is the same. We can't have cookie cutter treatment plans for everyone, because different things are going on in a woman's life that could actually either interfere with what you think is best or need to take into consideration for the different treatment plans that you're recommending. So, it's very important to have different perspectives to get the best treatment option for the patient because she would know what's best and what would work best for her.

 What are some of the exciting treatments that are in the pipeline?

 The most exciting treatments out there for triple-negative breast cancer are what we call immunotherapies, which are more targeted therapies towards triple-negative disease. This is all part of what's going on in the pipeline and going through clinical trials right now, but they seem to all have a common denominator, which is what we call immunotherapy targets that would be specific for these cancer cells. And I think that's the most exciting thing that we are looking forward to seeing come into mainstream for treatment.

 What do you think patients with triple-negative breast cancer have to look forward to when it comes to the treatment landscape?

 Well, I think they have more options made available to them, which are also less toxic options, because we know what we're giving now, for some women, it's very hard to tolerate. So I think that's something to look forward to in the future, something more specific, more targeted, that will actually treat the cancer more effectively, and also things that are less aggressive and less toxic. So I'm very hopeful that we will see these treatment options become readily available within the near future.

Addressing Diet and Nutrition

 Can discuss some common side effects that we see with current standards of care for triple-negative breast cancer treatment?

 The current standard treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation, surgery and, of course, the side effects that everyone is most concerned about are the side effects of the chemotherapy. Three standard medications that are given for triple-negative breast cancer, one is called Adriamycin, the other one is called Cytoxan and the third one is called Taxol. These three medications have specific side effects, but in general, for the most part, these side effects are what we call reversible. Once the treatment is complete, then most women get back to normal.

So I'll start like with Adriamycin. Adriamycin is one of the chemotherapeutic drugs that has the nickname, the “Red Devil.” It's in a red bag, and it's the one that's sort of seen as very toxic, the most toxic to patients or the potential to be the most toxic for patients. One side effect or risk factor could be a decrease in your white blood cell count, what we call leukopenia or a decrease in a platelet count, which means patients have a high risk of bleeding. There could be damage to your cardiac cells, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, hair loss, general pain in the body like fatigue. So that a list of more common side effects from that particular medication.

The second medication I mentioned Cytoxan, that medication as well as the last one that I mentioned, those have a higher risk of neural toxicity or neuropathies. So patients can develop numbness and tingling in their fingers and toes, some can also develop some encephalopathies. Others can also have a risk of developing what we call myelodysplastic disorders, which are cancers that are coming from the bone marrow like lymphomas or leukemias. But again, for the most part, most of those side effects are reversible in the sense they can be treated, or over time it can improve. If there's some cardiac damage from chemotherapy, that unfortunately, is permanent. But as far as the neuropathies, those improve with time. The nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malaise, bone pain, those sorts of things, those in time also go away after treatment is completed. And, you know, I will also say that during the course of treatment, if those symptoms are severe enough, particularly the ones with low blood count and excessive nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, there are medications that the oncologists have in their armamentarium to mitigate those symptoms, decrease them or eliminate them altogether. So, of course, during the course of treatment, these patients are always watched over very carefully. And all of these symptoms are addressed if they do arise.

 What should a patient do if they are experiencing one of these side effects?

 Well, of course, the first thing to do is bring it to the attention of their doctor, as far as the blood counts, and the issues with blood cells. That's something that more than likely the clinician will pick up because routine blood tests are done every time a patient receives their dose of chemotherapy. But as far as when they go home, the feelings of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, headaches or dizziness, definitely bring it to the attention of the clinician. Because not only could it be something that is related to the chemotherapy or could actually be related to their primary cancer, it's something that should be addressed immediately once it's encountered.

 How does palliative care play a role in triple-negative breast cancer treatment?

 So palliative care really is sort of the treatment plan to the whole patient. And palliative care is something that, at the moment of diagnosis all the way through treatment until the patient is cured or even if they have a chronic long-term disease process. So palliative care actually addresses not only the medical aspect of the patient's care, but also the psychosocial aspects of the patient's care, and also at times even spiritual aspects and can incorporate the support for their families as well. So during the process of having chemotherapeutic treatment or any kind of treatment, for the most part, palliative care is something that I recommend all patients investigate, because it's not just for patients who might be having a lot of pain or discomfort during the treatment. They can also help with some psychosocial aspects, if they need social support or family support or help getting to their treatments, that sort of thing that all falls under that umbrella. So yes, I believe it's very important when someone is diagnosed, to be connected to a palliative care team, so they can see what benefits they could get from that.

 Can you discuss the difference between palliative care and hospice?

 There's always that confusion between palliative care and hospice care. Palliative care, like I mentioned before, is from the moment you're diagnosed. You can be directed towards palliative care. And it's basically medical, psychosocial, all kinds of support for you and/or your family during your process during your treatment process. It could be while you have the disease, and it could be a curable disease as well. So it goes through your entire process. Hospice care is typically for patients who have six months or less left in their life. And it's a system put in place to maximize the quality of life during that time. So as for patients who we know will pass on within the next six months, and we're trying to maximize their time during that moment, and that's what hospice care is. So we want to make sure they're not in any pain or discomfort, we want to make sure things are in order for them. So that's the main difference. So hospice, if we know your terminal, versus palliative care is you don't have to be terminal, you can actually be cured from your disease process and survive. Hospice actually falls under the umbrella of palliative care, but palliative care is not hospice.

 What questions would you recommend patients be sure that they're asking their healthcare providers about the side effects they're experiencing?

 So from the very beginning, once a patient is diagnosed, the doctor tells them that they need to take x, y and z medication for x, y and z amount of time. The first things they should ask are, “What are the side effects? What do you anticipate I will experience during this process? And how long will that last? Is that something I would have to suffer through? Or can I stop the medication? If it gets too bad, what are the safeguards?” If it does get too bad, you know, so that the patient is not too scared and anxious. And some people might feel that they have to suffer through those symptoms, no matter how bad it gets, without bringing it to the doctor's attention, so they have to have that understanding from the very beginning that if they do have those symptoms, it may be expected, but it's definitely something that the clinician needs to know about when it occurs. So that's what they should make clear before they start. And as they go through the treatment, and if they're experiencing those symptoms, of course, talking to the doctor about them, letting them know if they're getting worse or getting better. Letting them know if they physically feel they can't tolerate any more treatment, because you know, the doctors or the clinicians will never know what you as an individual feel, physically, what you're able to stand versus not stand. So that open communication is key.

I think for a more effective treatment plan, because what patients also don't know is just because a doctor says that they might need 10 treatments over the course of four weeks, and they're suffering through symptoms over those four weeks, that the doctor can augment that treatment plan so that the patient can still get the most effective treatment and break up those treatment days so that the patient doesn't feel the effects of the medication, the side effects in medication as much. So if the patient is very open, as far as what kind of symptoms, how they’re feeling, their treatment plan, their doctor can augment it, so it's more tolerable. So it's very important for open dialogue to be part of the relationship between doctor and clinician.

Understanding Triple-Negative Breast Cancer | CURE^® Speaking Out

Psychosocial Effects From a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Evaluating Clinical Trials in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Addressing Diet and Nutrition

Managing Side Effects from Triple-Negative breast Cancer Treatment

Latest News

Understanding Triple-Negative Breast Cancer | CURE® Speaking Out

Psychosocial Effects From a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Evaluating Clinical Trials in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Addressing Diet and Nutrition

Managing Side Effects from Triple-Negative breast Cancer Treatment

Latest News

Understanding Triple-Negative Breast Cancer | CURE^® Speaking Out