Integrative Oncology in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Expert Insights

At the CURE Educated Patient® Breast Cancer Summit, Dr. Anastasia Martinova, a breast medical oncologist at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, discussed the role of integrative oncology in supporting patients with metastatic breast cancer.

She highlighted evidence-based complementary therapies that can be used alongside standard cancer treatment to manage symptoms, improve overall well-being, and empower patients to take an active role in their care.

“Integrative oncology combines standard cancer treatments with evidence-based complementary therapies,” Martinova said. “It focuses on reducing side effects of cancer therapies and improving physical, emotional and spiritual well-being.”

What is Integrative Oncology and Why is it Used?

Integrative oncology combines conventional cancer therapies with complementary approaches such as nutrition, exercise, mind-body practices, acupuncture, and massage therapy. Martinova emphasized that these therapies are intended to complement, not replace, standard care. The approach addresses the whole person, managing symptoms like fatigue, pain, nausea, insomnia, anxiety and depression, while supporting emotional and spiritual well-being.

Nutrition plays a central role in integrative care. While there is no “magic” cancer diet, patients are encouraged to follow a well-balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Mediterranean-style diets, which include plant-based foods, olive oil, fish, and lean meats, have the most evidence for promoting overall health. Extreme or unproven diets should be avoided, and dietitian consultation is recommended for those struggling with appetite or nutrition.

Are Herbal Supplements Safe and Effective?

Herbal supplements can help manage symptoms, but they carry potential risks and may interact with cancer treatments. Martinova recommended consulting a healthcare professional and prioritizing diet and lifestyle before using herbs. The Memorial Sloan Kettering “About Herbs” database is a useful resource, listing hundreds of herbs, their potential benefits, and possible interactions. Herbs with some supporting evidence include ginger for nausea, ginseng for fatigue, reishi mushroom for fatigue and mood, chamomile for nausea or mild depression, and lavender for anxiety and sleep.

Understanding the Benefit of Exercise During Treatment

Exercise is a vital component of integrative oncology. Evidence shows structured exercise programs improve fatigue, physical function, and overall quality of life for patients without bone metastases. Martinova advised patients to start gradually with manageable routines and increase activity over time. Mind-body practices like meditation, yoga, and tai chi can further support emotional well-being and reduce stress.

Moreover, acupuncture can relieve nausea, pain, fatigue and sometimes neuropathy, while massage therapy can ease muscle tension and enhance energy and mood. Oncology-trained practitioners are recommended whenever possible, though tools like acupressure wristbands may provide at-home symptom relief when professional services aren’t available.

Understanding Early Palliative Care

Palliative care focuses on symptom relief and supportive care at any stage of cancer, not just end-of-life care. It can help with pain, fatigue, nausea, emotional support, and decision-making. Sexual health is another important but often overlooked aspect of care, and patients are encouraged to discuss concerns openly with their oncology team or a specialist.

Practical Tips to Follow to Safely Use Integrative Therapies

Martinova advised, “Communicate openly with your care team about your symptoms and any supplements or medications you take. Start slow with one or two therapies and personalize based on your needs. Avoid unsafe or unproven products.” She also encouraged using trusted resources such as the Memorial Sloan Kettering “About Herbs” database, the Society of Integrative Oncology, and the American Cancer Society.

“Integrative care supports the person as a whole—mind, body, and spirit,” Martinova said. “It complements oncology care, improves quality of life, and empowers patients to take an active role in their journey.” By combining evidence-based complementary therapies with conventional care, patients with metastatic breast cancer can better manage symptoms, improve well-being, and feel supported throughout their treatment.

References

1. “Utilizing Integrative Medicine ,” by Dr. Anastasia Martinova. Presented at: CURE Educated Patient Summit on Metastatic Breast Cancer; December 20, 2025.

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